Kordhinta adkeysiga wax-soo-saarka cuntada inta lagu jiro isbeddelka cimilada ee socda iyo xoojinta wax-soo-saarka tamarta la cusboonaysiin karo ayaa labaduba ah caqabadaha aasaasiga ah ee dunida maanta.
Si kastaba ha ahaatee, tamarta tamarta cadceedda ayaa noqonaysa faa'iido sii kordheysa oo loo isticmaalo dhul-beereedka, taas oo keentay walaac laga qabo in beeraha cadceeddu ay meesha ka saaraan wax soo saarka cuntada.
Mid ka mid ah xalalka suurtagalka ah waa agrivoltaics - isku-dhafka beeraha iyo muraayadaha qorraxda qorraxda - kaas oo ilaalin kara wax-soo-saarka dalagga, soo saari kara tamar la cusboonaysiin karo, isticmaalka biyaha hoose iyo kordhinta faa'iidada beeraha.
Beeraleydu waxay u baahan yihiin kaalmo, si kastaba ha ahaatee, go'aaminta dalagyada iyo meelaha ugu habboon nidaamyada beeralayda, iyo sidoo kale naqshadaynta iyo meelaynta muraayadda qorraxda ee ilaalinaysa ama kordhinaysa wax-soo-saarka dalagga.
Deeq cusub oo $10 milyan ah oo ka timid Machadka Qaranka ee Cuntada iyo Beeraha ee Waaxda Beeraha ee Mareykanka ayaa u oggolaan doonta cilmi-baarayaasha in ay bartaan sida ugu wanaagsan ee loo wanaajin karo naqshadeynta nidaamyada beeraha ee noocyada kala duwan ee dhulka iyo xaaladaha cimilada.
Machadka hogaaminta ee mashruuca afarta sano ah, oo cinwaankiisu yahay "Isku dhafka Beeraha iyo Nidaamyada Korontada Sawir-qaadista," ama SCAPES, waa Jaamacadda Illinois Urbana-Champaign. Machadyada iskaashiga waxaa ka mid ah Jaamacadda Arizona, Jaamacadda Gobolka Colorado, Jaamacadda Auburn, Jaamacadda Illinois Chicago iyo Shaybaadhka Tamarta La cusboonaysiin karo. Mashruuca waxaa lagu maalgeliyay Machadka Cilmi-baarista Beeraha iyo Barnaamijka Nidaamyada Beeraha Joogtada ah. Jaamacadda Arizona waxay heli doontaa $1.725 milyan oo deeqda deeqda ah.
Kooxda cilmi baarista Greg Barron-Gafford waxaa ka mid ah UArizona shahaadada koowaad ee jaamacadda iyo ardayda qalin jabisay. Barron-Gafford, midig, la sawiran ardayda Alyssa Salazar, Leandro Phelps-Garcia iyo Isaiah Barnett-Moreno.
Greg Barron-Gafford, borofisar ku takhasusay cilmiga sayniska Dugsiga Juqraafiga, Horumarinta iyo Deegaanka Kuliyada Cilmiga Bulshada iyo Habdhaqanka, waxay noqon doontaa hogaanka sayniska jireed ee mashruuca. Sannadkii 2017, kooxda cilmi-baarista ee Barron-Gafford, oo ay ku jiraan UArizona shahaadada koowaad ee jaamacadda iyo ardayda qalin-jabisa, waxay bilaabeen inay koraan dalagyo ka hooseeya 9-foot qoraxda qorraxda ee jaamacadda biosphere 2 xarunta, halkaasoo Barron-Gafford uu yahay agaasimaha cuntada, tamarta iyo xalalka adkeysiga biyaha.
Barron-Gafford ayaa hogaaminayay Qiimaynta xogta goobta ugu horeysa ee agrivoltaics gudaha Maraykanka. Waxa uu ogaaday in agrivoltaics ay kordhiso waxtarka labada baallayaasha cadceedda iyo wax soo saarka dalagga. Biyaha ay sii daayaan dhirtu waxay qaboojiyaan baallayaasha cadceedda, kuwaas oo kordhiya waxtarkooda iyo soo saaridooda koronto. Hooska muraayadaha waxay kordhisaa wax soo saarka dhirta waxayna badbaadisaa biyaha, taas oo si gaar ah muhiim u ah marka isbeddelka cimiladu uu kordhiyo tirada meelaha u nugul kulaylka iyo abaarta, ayuu yiri Barron-Gafford.
Mashruuca SCAPES wuxuu isticmaali doonaa 1.5-acre Agrivoltaics Learning Lab ee Jaamacadda Arizona oo ah mid ka mid ah saddexda goobood ee cilmi-baarista agrivoltaics - kuwa kale ee Illinois iyo Colorado - si loo qiimeeyo jawaabaha microclimatic iyo dhirta ee joogitaanka muraayadaha qorraxda. Nidaamyada cabbiraadda waxay raaci doonaan borotokoollada uu sameeyay Barron-Gafford.
Sannadkii 2017, kooxda cilmi-baarista ee Barron-Gafford waxay bilaabeen inay koraan dalagyo ka hooseeya 9-foot qoraxda xarunta jaamacadda ee Biosphere 2.
"Barnaamijkan USDA waa markii ugu horeysay ee aan yeelan doono qalabyo aad u waaweyn," Barron-Gafford ayaa yidhi. "Si joogto ah ayaa naloo weydiiyaa 'Dhammaan faa'iidooyinkan aad arkayso weli ma dhacaan markaad tan kor u qaaddo ama aad eegto noocyada kale ee beeraha?' Runtii taasi waa waxa uu mashruucani qabanayo: In la eego fursadaha iyo caqabadaha la socda miisaankaas.
Deeqdan, ayuu Barron-Gafford ku daray, "Waxaan awoodi doonaa inaan cabbirno dalagyo badan oo cunto ah hal mar. Waxaan awood u yeelan doonnaa inaan sameyno wax-is-daba-marin badan, sida inaan aragno inta aan dib ugu celin karno isticmaalka biyaha oo aan weli dabooli karno baahida cuntada.
"Mashruucayagu wuxuu bixin doonaa falanqayn dhamaystiran oo ku saabsan kartida isbeddelka ee beeraha," ayuu yiri Madhu Khanna, baaraha maamulaha deeqda iyo agaasimaha ku-meel-gaarka ah ee Jaamacadda Illinois Urbana-Champaign Institute for Sustainability, Energy, and Environment. "Hadafkeenu waa in aan joogno ama xitaa kordhinno wax-soo-saarka dalagga, kordhinta isku-darka - cuntada iyo korontada - wax-soo-saarka dhulka, iyo kordhinta iyo kordhinta faa'iidada beeralayda ee dalagyada isku xigta iyo calafka calafka iyo dalagyada gaarka ah ee degaannada kala duwan."
Andrea Gerlak, borofisar UArizona oo ka tirsan Dugsiga Juqraafiga, Horumarinta iyo Deegaanka iyo agaasimaha ku meel gaadhka ah ee Xarunta Udall ee Daraasaadka Siyaasadda Dadweynaha, ayaa noqon doona agaasime ku xigeenka cilmi-baarista cilmiga bulshada ee mashruuca. Gerlak iyo asxaabtiisa ayaa qaban doona kooxo diiradda saaraya daneeyayaasha kala duwan, sida beeralayda, dadka warshadaha qoraxda iyo siyaasiyiinta, si ay u bartaan waxa ku riixaya go'aan ka gaarista isticmaalka nidaamyada beeraha iyo sida ay fikradahooda isu beddelaan marka natiijooyinka cilmi-baarista cusub la helo.
Deeqdu waxa kale oo ka mid ah qayb waxbarasho oo loogu talagalay carruurta K-12, ardayda kulliyadda iyo dadweynaha. Moses Thompson, agaasimaha UArizona Beesha iyo Barnaamijka Beerta Dugsiga, iyo kooxdiisu waxay diyaariyeen borotokoolo taxane ah iyo qorshayaal casharro ah oo loogu talagalay ka-qaybgalka ardayda iyo dadweynaha jardiinooyinka dugsiga iyo Agrivoltaics Learning Labs oo lagu rakibay Dugsiga Sare ee Rincon/Dugsiyada Sare ee Jaamacadda iyo Dugsiga Hoose ee Manzo ee Degmada Dugsiga Midaysan ee Tucson. Waxa uu taageeri doonaa dadaalka lagu midaynayo khibrada iyo waxbarashada gacanta ku haysa dhammaan saddexda goobood ee cilmi-baarista ee SCAPES.
"Tiirka 'Caqabadaha Weyn' ee qorshahayaga istiraatijiyadeed wuxuu diiradda saarayaa ka faa'iidaysiga awoodeena xagga cilmi-baarista si aan wax uga qabto dhibaatooyinka heer qaran iyo heer caalami. Xaqiijinta helitaanka cuntada iyada oo la adeegsanayo ilo tamar la cusboonaysiin karo waa tusaale wanaagsan oo ku saabsan sida cilmi-baarayaashu ay u horumarinayaan xalal cusub oo dhibaatooyinka muhiimka ah, "ayuu yiri Madaxweynaha Jaamacadda Arizona. Robert C. Robbins. "Aad ayaan ugu faraxsanahay inaan arko Dr. Barron-Gafford shaqadiisa goynta ah oo ku sii socota heerka xiga ee deeqdan USDA waxaanan rajeynayaa inaan raaco isaga, Dr. Gerlak iyo Mr. Thompson iyadoo dadaalkan iskaashi uu sii socdo."
- Lori Harwood, Kulliyadda Bulshada iyo Sayniska Dhaqanka ee Jaamacadda Arizona
Sawirka sare: Deeqdu waxay, qayb ahaan, taageeri doontaa dadaalka lagu midaynayo waayo-aragnimada iyo barashada gacmeedka ee dhammaan saddexda goobood ee cilmi-baarista ee SCAPES. Sawir: Moses Thompson/UArizona Community iyo Barnaamijka Beerta Dugsiga